Provides list of 2-year colleges and
4-year universities in Alabama of 50 U.S.
states. Includes school name, brief
description, URL Internet website address,
financial aid and employment information.
Also covers related resources in Alabama,
including yellow page list of all colleges
and universities, state name related lyrics,
comprehensive definitions of Alabama, as
well as four year private universities in
the area. Check collegesanduniversitiesinusa for best colleges and universities in Hawaii.
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COUNTRYAAH: Alphabetical list of national and state-wide business
holidays in Hawaii. Includes all country wide and regional public holidays
of 2020 in Hawaii.
The first Hawaiians
Where the first residents of the islands
came from between 400-650 AD is still not
exactly clear...
Here is an overview of the history:
Probably the first Hawaiians came from
the Polynesian area if you want to believe
different theories and legends.
With your dexterity in sailing on the
open sea, you could also find more distant
islands. At that time, shipping in Europe
was still in its infancy, the migration of
peoples was in progress and even the Vikings
did not dare to venture far out to sea. In
this context, it is all the better to
consider the seafaring achievements of the
Polynesians.
Thor Heyerdal describes in his books “Kon
Tiki” and “The Secret of Easter Island” the
theory that the Polynesians are descendants
of the South American Incas who ended up in
the Pacific. However, it is not very
scientifically recognized, although after
the trip of the Kon Tiki parts this theory
could no longer be dismissed as
"impossible".
The hard journey across the ocean on huge
rafts took generations, and many people died
along the way.
Legend has it that the last and most
successful section of this journey was led
by a direct descendant of the demigod Maui.
The masterfully built double-hull canoes
with an extremely load-bearing intermediate
part were 20-40 m long and made of wood and
coconut fiber. They had braided, triangular
sails and carried up to 60 people, including
supplies and drinking water, crops such as
coconut, taro, breadfruit, sweet potato,
banana and sugar cane, but also other plants
that were needed for medicinal or cosmetic
purposes, seeds and animals.
The settlements on the islands emerged
only on the coast, where artificial
irrigated terraces were created on which the
plants brought with them were cultivated.
The sea provided additional food. The most
important plant was the taro tuber, whose
starchy fibers were cooked and then made
into a pulp. Poi was then lightly fermented,
a staple food that was served with all
meals.
The arrival of the whites
In 1778, Captain Cook set foot on
Hawaiian soil and a clash of cultures was
looming. Adventurers, whalers, sailors,
traders and outsiders from the western world
followed. In 1820 the first 14 Missonare
came from New England, who were appalled by
the "sunburned, half-naked savages". The
white "culture" began to take possession of
Hawaii.
The whites brought in many unknown diseases,
even the smallest infection hit the locals
straight away. The problem was compounded by
the fact that Hawaiians were always willing
to have sexual contact with strangers, and
so sailors' venereal diseases were quickly
passed on to the people. The missionaries
put a stop to freedom of movement and
estimated the native population at only
140,000 people, meaning that the Hawaiians
had been decimated by half in less than 40
years since Cook's arrival. After the
venereal diseases, measles, flu and
tuberculosis raged on the islands and
reduced the population again.
In addition, in the days of the whalers,
the excellent local seafarers were hired on
the sailing ships, and many never returned.
In addition, many Hawaiians found the whites
attractive, entered into mixed marriages and
thus contributed to the mixing of the
Hawaiian blood. In 1940 the fastest growing
group in the population was that of mixed
race children, and the fastest decreasing
was that of pure-blood Hawaiians. Today
experts estimate that fewer than 1,000 truly
pure-blood Hawaiians live on the islands.
115,000 people have varying percentages of
Hawaiian ancestry in their blood.
Caste - The Hawaiians lived on a strict
caste system
The Hawaiians lived according to a strict
caste system to which its members belonged
by birth and from which there were no
exceptions. This social system was developed
right after their arrival.
The uppermost caste was the chief
aristocracy, the Ali`i, whose ancestry could
be traced back to the gods. They had a lot
of mana power. Only partners of equal rank
were allowed to father children in this
feudal system. Sibling marriage was quite
possible. The people had to pay tribute and
the will of the Ali'i was law. A kahuna was
a gifted healer and sage whose advice was
sought before making important decisions and
whose mana was also significant. There were
kahunas for the kings and those who advised
the common people. Kahuna were very feared
in old Hawaii, they mastered black magic and
could bring about death. In addition, they
were genealogists, medicine men, advisers,
guardians of legends, and they watched over
the observance of moral laws. That gave them
the real power for no Ali`i could rule
without his staff of Kahunas. The common
people were called Makaainana (the people of
the land) and were farmers, hunters and
fishermen. They all lived in extended
families, so-called Ohanas, and lived in the
same piece of land. Inland farmers shared
their yields with fishermen and vice versa,
so they could all live on the sea and land
products. Hunger was almost unknown. In
times of war they served as soldiers. The
Ali`i could impose capus, strict taboo
rules, ban and protection provisions that
regulated all coexistence. Kapus were a
means of order and an expression of power
and arbitrariness. Women were not allowed to
eat with men. Kapus determined when to hunt
and fish. No acts of war were allowed during
tax collection. No shadow was allowed to
fall on an Ali`i - etc... Anyone who
violated a hood had to expect death. There
were also places of refuge for law breakers,
the pu'uhonua. The Kapu system was not
abolished until 1819 by King Kamehameha II.
Various gods, who shared the creation of
the world and man, were worshiped by the
Polynesians.
The gods fished the islands out of the
sea, brought fire, and begat demigods. Here
is a list of the most important: Ku was the
forefather of humans and presides over the
male gods - his wife Hina rules the female.
Ku was the rising sun and the god of war, on
whose favor the outcome of the battle
depended. Most of the sacrifices were made
in him. Kane is the creator. He created the
first man out of earth and breathed life
into him. Kane is also the Hawaiian word for
man, so male privileges are enshrined from
the start. Lono appeared as a tree, a fish,
or half-human, half-pig. He mastered the
most important elements: rain, wind and sea.
He brought fertility and peace. He is
honored for Thanksgiving. Ku, Kane and Lono
created the earth, the sea, the sky and the
stars together. Kanaloa appeared as an
octopus or as a human, he ruled the earth
spirits and ruled the realm of the dead. He
was the patron god of healers. Pele is
present in every fire and is probably the
most famous deity in Hawaii for tourists.
Many tourists still believe in their power
today and send the lava stones they took
with them as souvenirs back to Hawaii
because an accident happened to them. Pele
is the goddess of the volcanoes and her
kingdom was in the crater of Kilauhea on the
Big Island. Laka was Pele's sister and
goddess of dance, Maui was a tricky god who
caught the sun with a lasso and fished the
Hawaiian Islands out of the sea.
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