According to abbreviationfinder, Brasilia is the capital of Brazil, the “South American Giant”. Founded in 1960 and designed by the utopian lines full of idealism and modernity of the architect Oscar Niemeyer and the urban planner Lucio Costa. It is the last great capital built in the world. Its construction began in 1956 and was completed in five years (1960). Besides being one of the most beautiful cities in the world; It holds the title of World Heritage Site granted by UNESCO since 1987. It is a cosmopolitan city that has approximately 90 embassies and a great infrastructure for holding events of all kinds. See population of Brazil.
Integrity
The urban fabric of Brasilia includes all the elements necessary to demonstrate outstanding universal value. Brasilia has preserved its original guiding principles intact, as reflected in the protection of its urban scales, legally protected by local and federal agencies of the country’s government. Today the city is in the middle of a consolidation process, in accordance with its dual function as city and capital, through the continuous implementation of new services and urban structures. World Heritage property is vulnerable to urban pressure including increased traffic and public transport requirements. Various sectors of the city, as established in the initial plan, are now in the process of being supplemented and, in fact, it was concluded, in accordance with the original urban principles. These changes in no way endanger the unique and exceptional value of Lucio Costa’s Pilot Project (Plano Piloto), which remains fully preserved, both physically and symbolically. It is possible that depending on the still undeveloped areas around Brasilia, the surrounding green spaces, and the topography of the place, to clearly distinguish the city limits from the territorial extension in which it was introduced, unique attributes that allow the analysis of the page without losing any of the basic information essential to convey its continued outstanding universal value. that remains fully preserved, both physically and symbolically. It is possible that depending on the still undeveloped areas around Brasilia, the surrounding green spaces, and the topography of the place, to clearly distinguish the city limits from the territorial extension in which it was introduced, unique attributes that allow the analysis of the page without losing any of the basic information essential to convey its continued outstanding universal value. that remains fully preserved, both physically and symbolically. It is possible that depending on the still undeveloped areas around Brasilia, the surrounding green spaces, and the topography of the place, to clearly distinguish the city limits from the territorial extension in which it was introduced, unique attributes that allow the analysis of the page without losing any of the basic information essential to convey its continued outstanding universal value.
Authenticity
The authenticity of Brasilia is guaranteed through the maintenance of its architecture, urban design, and landscapes, which represent a new approach to urban life, reaffirmed by Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer on the basis of the principles of the Modernist Movement of the urban architecture of the twentieth century. The main attributes of the pilot project (Plano Piloto) that converge to attribute universal and exceptional value to Brasilia include: the intersection of two axes and the hierarchical distribution of the road network, the division of the city into sectors with their respective characteristics and the use of a network of open and green spaces, the Esplanade of the Ministries and the representative structures that make up the Monumental Axis (Eixo Monumental), the superblocks organized on the basis of neighborhood units, and, finally, Oscar Niemeyer’s architectural designs for representative buildings. These attributes are best understood on the basis of the four scales identified by Lucio Costa at the time of Brasilia’s designation as heritage, and preserved as the guiding landmarks of the Pilot Project (Plano Piloto) of the original design: a monumental scale, that confers to Brasilia its condition of capital in which the administrative functions of the nation are carried out; a residential scale, representing a new approach to life, centered on the Vía del Eje (Eixo Rodoviário) along which the neighborhood units are distributed and divided between the North and South Wing (North Wing and Asa Sul) ; on a social scale, located at the intersection of the two axes – Monumental and Public roads – where banks, hotels, businesses and service sectors converge to form the central section of the city; and a bucolic scale, which permeates the other three and is made up of large open and green spaces that provide the city with its unique aspect of the city-park.
Foundation criteria
- Criterion (i): Brasilia is a singular artistic achievement, a primordial creation of human genius, which represents, on an urban scale, the living expression of the principles and ideals set forth by the Modernist Movement enshrined in the tropics through urban areas and the architectural planning of Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer. The Brazilian experience stands out for the grandeur of the project, which led to the definitive closure of a specific historical period, closely linked to an ambitious development strategy and a process of national self-assertion before the world.
- Criterion (iv): Brasilia is a unique example of urban planning brought to fruition in the 20th century ; an expression of the early urban Modern Movement contained in Athens Charter of 1943 ; in Le Corbusier’s treatise How to Conceive Urbanism of 1946, and in Oscar Niemeyer’s architectural designs, including the construction of the three powers: the Presidential Palace, the Supreme Court and the Congress with their twin skyscraper buildings flanked by the dome of the building of the Senate and the inverted House of Representatives, and the Cathedral with its 16 40-meter-high paraboloids, the Juscelino Kubitschek Pantheon and the National Theater.
