According to estatelearning, the name Israel actually comes from the biblical person, Jacob, who was the father of the twelve sons who later became the ancestors of the twelve tribes of Israel. After a period of a few hundred years in Egypt, these tribes moved around the year 1200 BC. to present-day Israel / Palestine, then called the land of Canaan, which was inhabited by the Canaanites. The Jews celebrate Easter to commemorate the Exodus from Egypt. The Old Testament describes in detail how the Jewish people defeated the Canaanite people through fierce fighting.
TIMELINE:
1200 BCE – The Hebrews come to Canaan. Read more here.
1100 BCE – The Hebrews conquer Canaan. The Hebrews destroyed the more civilized Canaanites and took over their scriptural system. The building practice was also taken over, but without the Hebrews achieving the same quality as their predecessors. Jerusalem was at this time a small place without any great significance, and could not compare with other cities which had already flourished and decayed in the ancient world.
1000 BCE – The Kingdom of the Hebrews – King Saul, King David and King Solomon.
931 BCE – King Solomon dies and the kingdom is divided into Judea (south) and Israel (north).
922 BCE – The Hebrew Kingdom is divided into Israel and Judea
722 BCE – The Tishrei kingdom is eliminated by the Assyrians.
587 BCE – Judea and Jerusalem fall against the Babylonians.
586 BCE – The Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II conquers Jerusalem after the fall of the Assyrian Empire. Judea’s most influential Jews were deported to
Babylon (southern Mesopotamia ), and the first Jewish temple in Jerusalem was destroyed.
539 BCE – Under Persian rule.
538 BCE – King Cyrus of Persia conquers the entire Babylonian Empire, returns the Jews of exile from Babylon, and accepts some form of Jewish self-government in
Jerusalem, after which the Jewish temple is rebuilt.
332 BCE – The Greek-Macedonian ruler Alexander the Great crushed the Persian Empire and conquered Judea. After Alexander’s death, the Hellenic (Greek) empire was divided into three, and the Jews of Judea were squeezed between rival Greek rulers.
7-4 BCE – Jesus of Nazareth is born. He dies around the year 30-33. Most of the knowledge about Jesus’ life and thoughts comes from the four canonical gospels in the Bible: the Gospel of Matthew, the
Gospel of Mark, the Gospel of Luke, and the Gospel of John. Most experts in history and Bible studies agree that Jesus was a Jew from Galilee who was considered a scribe and healer in his day. He was baptized by John the Baptist and was crucified in Jerusalem by order of the Roman governor Pontius Pilate. due to accusations of treason and blasphemy. Historians, however, place different emphasis on the credibility of the Gospels, as these are all written approx. a lifetime after the events they depict.
33? – Jesus of Nazareth delivers his pacifist Sermon on the Mount. According to the Bible, Jesus was taken prisoner on Maundy Thursday in the week of Easter, crucified on the hill of Calvary in Jerusalem. Three days later he resurrected on the first day of the week – Sunday and appeared to his disciples. Jesus then walked with them on earth for 40 days, laying out the scriptures for his followers. Then he ascended to heaven from the Mount of Olives, on what is now called the day of Christ’s ascension.
70 – Jerusalem is occupied and destroyed by the Roman Empire during the First Judeo-Roman War (66-73). A group of particularly stubborn Jews sought refuge on Mount Masada, but were defeated by the Romans three years later. Watch a documentary here on Youtube about Masada’s fall.
115-117 – The Kito War is the Second Judeo-Roman War.
132-135 – The Bar Kokhba Uprising became known as the Second and Third Judeo-Roman Wars.
135 – Roman Emperor Hadrian razed Jerusalem to the ground, and Jews were denied access to the city. To definitively eliminate the Jewish affiliation with the land, the Romans renamed Judea “Palaestina”, a word believed to be derived from the word “Philistines”, a people from Crete who lived on Judea’s Mediterranean coast a thousand years before. However, Jews still lived in the area, and almost 100 years later, the Jews regained access to Jerusalem.
687-91 – The Caliphate Mosque was built by Abd al-Malik during the Ninth Caliphate. Although it is called a mosque, it is rather a shrine, built on the site where Muhammad in the Islamic tradition ascended to heaven.
638 – Arab caliph Omar occupies Jerusalem, builds the Al Aqsa Mosque on the ruins of the Jewish temple.
1099 – 15/17. July – The first crusaders take Jerusalem and massacre a large number of Jews and Muslims. For the next few hundred years, the Crusaders and various Muslim rulers fought for control of the area.
1187 – Saladin, a Kurdish general who rules over both Egypt and
Syria, succeeds in reconquering Jerusalem for the Muslims.
1917 – December 9 – British General Allenby occupies Jerusalem.
1948 – April 21. The state of Israel is officially proclaimed. This is in accordance with a UN resolution which allows the establishment of the state on the condition that all people, regardless of religious or racial background, can live in peaceful coexistence.
1956 – The Suez War is an armed conflict fought on Egyptian territory between Israel, Britain and France on the one hand, and Egypt on the other.
1960 – May 11 – Adolf Eichmann was captured by Israeli agents from Mossad, Argentina, where he lived under the name Ricardo Klement and was taken to Israel. Here he was prosecuted for crimes against humanity and war crimes on April 10th. He was convicted and hanged in Jerusalem on June 1, 1962.
1967 – The Six Day War takes place from June 5 to June 10 and is fought between Israel on the one hand and Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Iraq on the other .
1973 – Ramadan War, fought from October 6 to October 26 by coalition of Arab countries led by Egypt and Syria against Israel.
1995 – November 4 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin is assassinated in Tel Aviv by a Jewish fundamentalist, Yigal Amir.
2002 – As a result of the escalating suicide bombings in the Israeli population, the country begins construction of the West Bank Wall.
2003 – February 1 – The first Israeli astronaut, Ilan Ramon, had his first and last spaceflight on the tragic mission STS-107 (also known as the Columbia Accident), which disintegrated on its way down to Earth’s atmosphere.
2006 – January 4 – Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon suffered a brain haemorrhage for the second time, and after his third operation on January 6, he has been in a coma. After seven years on January 28, 2013, doctors were surprised that there were still signs of brain activity in him.
2008 – September 25. ” It is very rare to make a discovery that can be directly linked to the Bible, ” says chief archaeologist Dr. Eilat Mazar. But recently, he and his staff found a 2,600-year-old imprint of a seal, a so-called bull, during an excavation in Jerusalem of the ancient City of David. The seal bears the name Gedaliah the Pahur, and that person appears in the Bible book of the prophet Jeremiah. The story is about the meeting between Jeremiah and King Zedekiah, and in the same account Yechuchal mentioned Ben Shelemayahu, whose seal was found a few years ago – in the exact same place in Davids By.
2011 – January 28 – Two UFO videos were posted on the internet, creating a chain reaction of surprise and popularity in the media until it was revealed that they were fake videos.
2013 – September 15. Another failed missile test that is misinterpreted as a “ufo”.
